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热点专题 | 复杂系统及复杂网络新兴交叉领域研究

CPB 中国物理B 2022-07-06

2021年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位科学家以表彰他们对复杂系统研究的突出贡献。这一奖项的颁发对于从事复杂系统研究的学者是一个极大的鼓舞,也标志着该领域正式进入源远流长的物理学主流。目前,我国有一大批学者一直致力于复杂系统研究,研究成果也产生了较为广泛的影响。为了展现国内外在“复杂系统及复杂网络新兴交叉领域研究”的近期成果,让更多的年轻学者加入复杂性科学研究的行列,“Chinese Physics B”(CPB) 编辑部邀请孙克辉、汤雷翰、吕琳媛、贺少波四位老师担任客座编辑,组织了“Interdisciplinary physics: Complex network dynamics and emerging technologies”专题,敬请关注!

编者按

客座编辑

孙克辉    中南大学

汤雷翰    香港浸会大学

吕琳媛    电子科技大学

贺少波    中南大学


自然界和人类社会的发展是一个从简单到复杂的历程,包括生物系统、经济系统、大气系统乃至宇宙演化等在内的复杂系统千差万别、种类繁多,而高维非线性动力学驱动的系统时空结构复杂多变,难以预测和控制。近年来,作为探索自然界复杂性的新兴研究方向,复杂系统与复杂性科学研究成为了学术界关注的热点。早在19世纪末,法国数学家亨利·庞加莱(Jules Henri Poincaré)的两项工作——常微分方程的定性理论和天体运动中的定量计算,使得他成为了非线性科学研究最早的代表性人物。20世纪60年代后,由于计算机的广泛应用,科学家对大气科学和流体力学的数值研究,分析力学中的数学理论的推进,以及远离平衡的非平衡态统计物理的研究等,都推动着这一领域的空前发展,有关非线性科学的研究日趋成熟,也催生了复杂性科学的诞生。正如2000年英国物理学家史蒂芬·霍金(Stephen Hawking)所说:21世纪将是复杂性的世纪。令人振奋的是,2021年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了复杂系统研究成果,三位获奖人分别是美籍日裔科学家Syukuro Manabe、德国科学家Klaus Hasselmann和意大利科学家Giorgio Parisi,表彰他们在理解复杂结构和动力学方面所作出的开创性贡献,这也再次掀起学术界对复杂系统与复杂科学研究的新浪潮。由于复杂系统中研究对象的多样性、作用关系的复杂性以及系统的规模性,催生出一个新的前沿交叉研究方向—复杂网络,即将复杂系统抽象为网络的形式,通过研究复杂网络的结构和演化特征来理解和认识其所对应复杂系统的特征、功能以及演化规律,并探索各类复杂网络背后蕴含的普适原理及分析处理方法。当今,信息技术日新月异,大量来自社会、经济、医疗健康等领域的数据被采集并开放出来用于科学研究,推动智能化城市、社区的发展。可以说,复杂系统与复杂网络的理论和方法有了更为广阔的用武之地,在与生物、信息、社会、经济等多学科交叉融合的过程中不断涌现出许多更具挑战的新问题,有待进一步深入探索。毫无疑问,推进非线性系统与复杂网络的基础理论研究,并探索其在人类社会各个领域中的应用,具有重要的理论和现实意义。


本专题是基于2020年10月中南大学承办的第十三届复杂系统及未来技术与应用国际研讨(The 13th International Workshop on Complex-systems for Future Technologies and Applications (IWCFTA 2020))而组织的,期望以专题的形式集中发表体现国内外非线性系统与复杂网络及其和物理学交叉范畴内最新进展的原创和综述文章。在客座编辑、作者、审稿专家和编辑部的共同努力下,本专题历时一年,分三批陆续发表论文22篇(包括4篇综述和18篇原创论文)。


本专题围绕“复杂系统及复杂网络新兴交叉领域研究”这一主题展开,大致分为五个研究方面:

1) 复杂系统及复杂网络研究。研究不同类型复杂网络的同步与相似度度量方法,以及复杂网络中的奇异状态(Chimeras)。基于复杂网络的理论和方法,预测复杂系统中主体间的相互作用,识别社交网络的快速传播者以及网络特性对其传播能力的影响。

2) 社会经济系统的复杂性分析。提出量化企业的技术影响力的方法,并揭示其演变规律,通过构建相对性创新指标,发现国家创新能力的发展趋势在一定的人口规模下实现自持优化的特征。

3) 忆阻器与忆阻系统。以未来智能系统的一类构件为例,研究忆阻模型与分忆抗、忆阻逻辑运算电路、离散忆阻混沌系统设计的动力学行为以及内在机制。

4) 非线性系统中的混沌行为。通过设计新型混沌系统,发现吸引子共存高复杂度等混沌现象,并综述分数阶混沌系统的研究进展。

5) 非线性科学学科交叉领域研究。基于非线性复杂网络理论研究新冠COVID-19模型的动力学行为与疫情传播机制,为疫情防控提供理论参考。另外,探讨非线性科学在非中心力的晶格、激光系统、神经元与神经网络研究领域的最新进展。


这些文章很多都是出自国内外领先的代表性课题组与学者,希望本专题能够对国内外研究同行有所帮助和启发,共同促进非线性系统与复杂网络研究领域的合作交流与发展。


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官网:  https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1674-1056

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